Differences in the Function and Authority of the DPR – MPR

JAKARTA (Antara) – In the Indonesian constitutional system, the House of Representatives (DPR) and the People’s Consultative Assembly (MPR) are two important institutions that carry out the functions of the People’s Representatives. Although often considered similar, both have a fundamental difference in their duties, functions, and authority.

House of Representatives (DPR)

The DPR is a legislative body that represents the people nationally and has the authority to form a joint law, compile a state budget (APBN), and oversees the implementation of government policies.

The DPR also carries out the supervisory function through the right of interpellation, questionnaire rights, and the right to express opinions. In addition, the DPR has the authority to propose the termination of the President to the MPR if a serious violation of the law is found.

DPR members are elected through elections every five years, representing political parties that pass the parliamentary threshold. At present, the DPR RI period 2024-2029 is led by Puan Maharani.

People’s Consultative Assembly (MPR)

The MPR is a state institution consisting of all members of the DPR and the Regional Representative Council (DPD). The MPR has the main task of establishing and changing the 1945 Constitution (Constitution), as well as inaugurating the elected president and vice president.

The MPR also has the authority to dismiss the president and/or vice president in its term of office if it is proven to violate the constitution, based on the political decisions of the DPR and the decision of the Constitutional Court. In addition, the MPR has the authority to establish a strategic MPR (TAP MPR).

At present, the MPR RI period 2024-2029 is led by Ahmad Muzani.

The difference between the DPR and the MPR

The main differences between the DPR and MPR can be explained in the following points:

• Membership Composition: The DPR consists of representatives of the people from political parties as a result of legislative elections. Meanwhile, the MPR consists of all members of the DPR and all DPD members, so as to reflect a combination of political representatives and regional representatives.
• Main Functions and Tasks: The DPR focuses on the legislative, budgeting, and supervision functions of government performance. Conversely, the MPR focuses more on the constitutional function, such as changing and establishing the Constitution, as well as inaugurating and dismissing the president or vice president.
• Special Authority: The DPR has constitutional rights such as the right to ask questions, the right to express opinions, as well as the right to propose the presidential impeachment to the MPR. Meanwhile, the MPR has the authority to establish the MPR TAP and decide the termination of the President and/or Vice President in the Plenary Session Forum.

The presence of the DPR and MPR in the Indonesian democratic system played an important role in maintaining government accountability and the continuity of the state based on the constitution and Pancasila.

Also read: Puan explained the supervision of the trial period II of the trial year 2024-2025

Also read: DPR Members Call the conversion of flood trigger land in Bandarlampung

Also read: DPR Tepis TNI Bill will return the DWI ABRI function

Reporter: Raihan Fadilah
Editor: Alviansyah Pasaribu
Copyright © between 2025