Duties and authorities of the President of the Republic of Indonesia according to the 1945 Constitution
Jakarta (ANTARA) – The President of the Republic of Indonesia has a very important role as head of state and head of government. Based on the 1945 Constitution and other laws and regulations, the President’s duties and authority are regulated in detail to ensure the continuity of effective government.
The President as head of state has the duties and authority regulated in the 1945 Constitution, as stated in Article 4 paragraph (1). The article states that “The President of the Republic of Indonesia holds governmental powers according to the Constitution.”
As head of state, the President represents Indonesia on the international stage, including establishing agreements, diplomatic relations and establishing foreign policy.
So, what are the duties and authorities of the President of the Republic of Indonesia according to the 1945 Constitution in detail? The following is the explanation.
Duties and authorities of the President of the Republic of Indonesia
As head of government, the President of the Republic of Indonesia plays an important role in the continuity of the country, by carrying out two positions simultaneously, namely as head of state and head of government, both of which are regulated in the 1945 Constitution.
The president has a symbolic and populist role with political rights regulated by the constitution.
Meanwhile, as head of government, the President holds full executive power to carry out government duties, assisted by the Vice President and Ministers in the cabinet.
Not only that, the President also has duties in the judicial sector, one of which is to grant pardon, abolition, amnesty and rehabilitation to certain individuals in accordance with procedures established by law.
The duties and authority of the President are regulated in Article 4 paragraph 1 of the 1945 Constitution, which states that the President is the head of the state’s executive power.
He is responsible for the government, has the prerogative to appoint and dismiss ministers, and acts as supreme commander of the armed forces.
Duties and authorities of the President as head of government
1. Government power
The President has government powers based on the Constitution, especially in Article 4 paragraph 1.
2. Determination of government regulations
The President has the authority to stipulate Government Regulations in order to implement the Law, in accordance with Article 5 paragraph 2.
3. Appointment and dismissal of Ministers
In his capacity as head of government, the President can appoint and dismiss ministers, as regulated in Article 17 paragraph 2.
4. Ratification of the draft law
The President is tasked with ratifying draft laws that have been mutually agreed upon into law, in accordance with Article 20 paragraph
5. Submission of the APBN draft
The draft state revenue and expenditure budget (APBN) is submitted by the President for discussion with the House of Representatives (DPR), taking into account input from the Regional Representative Council (DPD) (Article 23 paragraph 2).
6. Election of BPK members
Members of the Financial Audit Agency (BPK) are elected by the DPR taking into account input from the DPD, and inaugurated by the President (Article 23F paragraph 1).
7. Proposed candidates for Supreme Court Justice
Candidates for Supreme Court Justices are proposed by the Judicial Commission (KY) to the DPR for approval and then determined by the President (Article 24A paragraph 3).
8. Appointment of KY members
Members of the Judicial Commission (KY) are appointed and dismissed by the President with the approval of the DPR (Article 24B paragraph 3).
9. Determination of MK members
The Constitutional Court (MK) has nine constitutional judges appointed by the President. Three people each were proposed by the Supreme Court (MA), DPR and President (Article 24C paragraph 3).
Duties and authorities of the President as Head of State
1. Supreme Military Power
The President holds supreme power over the Army, Navy, and Air Force, based on Article 10.
2. Declaration of war and treaty
The President has the authority to declare war, make peace and enter into agreements with other countries, with the approval of the House of Representatives (DPR) (Article 11 paragraph 1).
3. Statement of the state of danger
The President can declare a state of danger, in accordance with Article 12.
4. Appointment of Ambassadors and Consuls
In appointing ambassadors, the President must pay attention to the considerations of the DPR (Article 13 paragraphs 1 and 2).
5. Reception of State Ambassadors
The President accepts the placement of ambassadors from other countries by considering input from the DPR (Article 13 paragraph 3).
6. Granting Pardon and Rehabilitation
The President has the authority to grant pardon and rehabilitation, taking into account the considerations of the Supreme Court (MA) (Article 14 paragraph 1).
7. Granting Amnesty and Abolition
The granting of amnesty and abolition is carried out by the President taking into account input from the DPR (Article 14 paragraph 2).
8. Awarding titles and decorations
The President has the right to award titles, decorations and other honors as regulated by law (Article 15).
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Reporter: M. Hilal Eka Saputra Harahap
Editor: Alviansyah Pasaribu
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